Examines developments in European world from 1500 to 1920. Begins with analysis of forces that shaped early modern society: Protestant Reformation, commercial revolution, rise of absolute monarchies and nation state, and scientific and intellectual revolution of 17th and 18th centuries. Explores impact of two upheavals, French Revolution and Industrial Revolution, on events and ideologies of 19th century. Among topics considered are growth of liberalism, socialism, Marxism, nationalism and scientific secularism, and their social and political consequences. Study of causes and effects of World War I. Prerequisites: None